Essay 2 RD Essays (189 words) - Drug Control Law, Drug Policy

Matthew Screws English 1101 Anderson 2/25/19 Drug Decriminalization "There is no war on drugs, because you cannot war on inanimate objects. There is only a war on drug addicts. Which means we are warring on the most abused and vulnerable segments of society," said Dr. Gabor Mate . In 2017 the FBI's uniform crime report showed law enforcement made 1.6 millon arrests for drug violations in which more than eighty five percent w ere for simple possession. That means every twenty seconds someone is being arrested for a drug law violation. Instead of helping these people they will be dragged through the legal system and it will have a profound impact on their life and the people around them. Crime and drugs compliment each other quite well but only because drug use is criminalized by the government. With most arrests made for drugs being non-violent is it really doing any good to throw these unaggressive people in jail? The decriminalization of drugs can support lower addiction rates, encourage people to remain in society, and put an en d to mass incarceration and institutional racism.

Introductions for ESL - Advanced Level Classes

Introductions for ESL - Advanced Level Classes The beginning of a new class is a good time for a global review of the tenses and forms that you will be studying during the coming course. The idea of this exercise is not to intimidate the students, nor to have them learn everything in one go. Most students will have already studied most of these forms and the following year serves to improve and build upon the set of English skills that they have already acquired. The following conversation exercises serve the double purpose of introducing students to each other and getting them to converse from the get-go, as well as reviewing the number of more advanced structures that they will be working on during your course. This spoken exercise can also work well as a means of review. For lower-intermediate or false beginners. Aim: Introduce students to each other while introducing/reviewing a wide range of tenses Activity: Interviewing activity in pair work Level: Advanced Outline Ask students to break up into groups of three or four and write down the names of all the tenses they can remember including an example for each tense. You may want to help them as this exercise is just a way of introducing structures that they will be working on during your course.Talk quickly about the structures that are mentioned. You may also want to write the names of the tenses on the board so that students can refresh their memories.Ask students to get up and find a partner.Have the students take short one or two-word notes on the questions from the first worksheet. Students dont need to write full answer notes but should focus on replying in full sentences to the questions asked by their partners.Once students have completed the task, ask them to quietly read through the notes they have taken about their partner.Have students get up again and find another partner. Distribute the second worksheet and have them answer questions about their partners. Once again, students dont n eed to write full answer notes but should focus on replying in full sentences to the questions asked by their partners. Make sure to point out that this exercise is intended to remind them of what sort of elements go into using English (i.e. tenses in this case) and that you will be taking your time going through all the points so quickly covered in this lesson.After you have finished the exercise, have a class discussion about the differences between the first person I and a third person he, she (i.e. s on the third person singular, etc.) Getting to Know Your Classmates Questions For Your Partner What were you doing this time last year?What will you be doing this time next year?What do you hope you will have improved by the time you finish this course?What do you think will happen during this course?What do you do?How long have you been working/studying at your present job/course?Remember the last time you were interrupted at work/study. What had you been doing before you were interrupted?What would you change about your job/school if you were in charge?When did you choose your job/school? Is there any one thing that had happened to make you choose your line of work/field of study?What would you have done if you hadnt chosen your current profession/field of study?What are you currently working on/studying?How long have you been doing your favorite hobby?What did you use to do that you now miss?What must have been the reason for your stopping what you used to do? Questions About Your Partners Partner What was he/she doing this time last year?What will he/she be doing this time next year?What does he/she hope he/she will have improved by the time he/she finishes this course?What does he/she think will happen during this course?What does he/she do?How long has he/she been working/studying at his/her present job/course?Remember the last time he/she was interrupted at work/study. What had he/she been doing before he/she was interrupted?What would he/she change about his/her job/school if he/she were in charge?When did he/she choose his/her job/school? Is there any one thing that had happened to make he/she choose his/her line of work/field of study?What would he/she have done if he/she hadnt chosen his/her current profession/field of study?What is he/she currently working on/studying?How long has he/she been doing his/her favorite hobby?What did he/she use to do that he/she now misses?What must have been the reason for his/her stopping what he/she used to do?

Kundalini energy and Chi energy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Kundalini energy and Chi energy - Research Paper Example e major elements of the mysterious elaboration of subtle body, which comprises of the chakras (psychic centers), nadis (energy channels), bindu (drops of essence), and prana (subtle energy)1. Kundalini is a Hindu term which refers to the mystical force or power which form the basis of their spirituality. The serpent power generally signifies the Kundalini in the Hinduism. The awakening or arousing of Kundalini from the "slumber" takes place at the bottom of an individuals spine through the practices of intense breath control or uninterrupted, focused meditation. Tantra Yoga and Hatha Yoga are the primitive forms of the yoga that are developed and designed to awaken the Kundalini so that the person can utilize the huge amount of energy, which is ultimately released, in order to enhance the potential and strength of the spiritual practices and meditation. The Yoga practitioner is made cautious through the relevant literature that the person is required to be subject to the extensive preparations prior to begin arousing the Kundalini. Otherwise the entire process can be troublesome and very tough. The yogini or yogi, the person who has successfully and safely arouses their Kundalini, obtains a good friends towards their spiritual journey. This friend is the tremendous amount of energy and the significant vitality, which makes the path smoother that, in turn, makes the sharp slopes easier to climb. This ally, the energy, functions as a sword which cuts through the conditioning and inertia. Precisely, Kundalini is able to alter the personality and thinking process of an individual in a drastic manner, and advances the spiritual aspirations. It is through numerous esoteric practices such as meditation, Yoga, Sahaja Yoga, Kundalini Yoga, and Kriya Yoga, that the Kundalini is awakened. Through such exercise, it is able to wake up and rise from the muladhara chakra through sushumna, the central nadi, alongside or inside the spine and goes up towards the top of head. The

Final paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 6

Final paper - Essay Example It is time the government legalized the sale of organs. Legalization of organ sales will lower vital organs-related deaths boosting the supply of such organs, eliminating illicit organ markets, allowing access to cheaper organ transplant, and compensate donors. The demand for organs is overwhelming, and yet the supply is far too low. Right now, over 85,000 people in U.S. alone are on the list of those waiting for organs (Calandrillo 72). Out of these, a majority (about 60,000) requires a kidney, 17,000 are in desperate need of a liver, 4,000 are hoping for a lung, while 3,500 are desperate for a heart. The organs are the most important for the survival of any human being. Any defect in them can shorten a person’s life within a short period. The patients on the waitlist thus urgently need them as they are living on borrowed time. However, the supply of these organs is shockingly far much less. Calandrillo says that the year 2003 saw organs harvest from only 13,000 individuals to facilitate the mere 25,000 transplants in the U.S. (72). It means that the many patients who were not successful to get a required organ sadly died. Ironically, the painful shortage is because a majority of the organs go to the grave when the owners die. A lack of donation-appropriate organs is not a primary cause. A bumper sticker once read, â€Å"Please do not take your organs with you to heaven. Heaven understands that we are desperate for them here on the earth† (The Economist). Each year witnesses many Americans die in ways that would make it possible for an organ harvest. For example, some die in road accidents, others due to heart attacks and strokes but organs come from only a few of the possible donors. In fact, about 75% of the Americans are not ready to donate organ upon their death. Hence, the remaining percentage that have opted to offer an organ cannot sufficiently meet the national needs. The situation

Leininger's nursing theory research article summaries Paper - 1

Leininger's nursing theory article summaries - Research Paper Example This article is a summary of the culture care theory and a discussion of the features evident in the theory. The article is divided into four parts, with the first part introducing the transcultural nursing theory and its historical development since its introduction by Leininger. The second part of the article provides the major features of the theory; including the fact the theory is one of the oldest and most applicable in the nursing field. This is followed by a description of the philosophical rots of the theory and the introduction of the nursing experience influenced by the theory. The purpose and goal the theory is then expounded by the author, including the use of research findings to develop an understanding of the care given to patients across cross-cultural dimensions. An analysis of the research article indicates that the development of the transcultural nursing theory is important in the provision of quality health care to patients. The article is relevant to nursing practice since it discusses a new aspect of the transcultural nursing theory, and provides a useful insight into the field of nursing in relation to the theory. The transcultural nursing theory has been identified as one of the leading theories in the provision of quality health care by focusing on worldwide cultures and nursing practices. An analysis of the article by Leininger presenting the view of transcultural nursing specialists and the effects of transcultural nursing reveals the advantage of the theory. This article proposes the use of the transcultural theory in nursing practice to achieve full patient health regardless of cultural barriers. The article shows how to prepare a transcultural nurse specialist in practice and application of the original theory. The article being summarized presents the main characteristics of the transcultural nurse in relation to the dynamic field of nursing in the evolving world. The article goes on to propose that

Oil and gas of kazakhstan

Oil and gas of kazakhstan The size of oil and gas reserves of the Republic of Kazakhstan alone make national oil company of the country called KazMunaiGaz (KMG), an outstanding addition to any study of national oil companies. The countrys proven oil reserves are estimated between 9 billion and 17.6 billion barrels, including both land and offshore fields, as a potential producer of considerable influence. (â€Å"An Energy Overview of the Republic of Kazakhstan,† US Department of Energy, available from: http://www.fe.doe.gov/international/Russia_and_Central_Asia/kazkover.html#Oil ). When major new projects in Kazakhstan reached full production (probably by 2015), is expected to produce at least 3 million barrels of oil per day, which would make the country larger producer of oil compare to Norway, and it would be just behind Mexico and Iran. Even today Kazakhstan is in the list of one of the leading countries by producing 1.29 million barrels per day (Energy Information Administration. â€Å"Kazakhstan .† Country Analysis Briefs, 2006. Available online at http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Kazakhstan/Oil.html. ). And almost anyone interested in investing in Kazakhstan is forced to work, in one form or another, with National Oil Company KazMunaiGaz (NC KMG). NC KMG is also worthy of attention of those interested in the changing structure of the international petroleum industry. The company is largely a work in progress, one of the worlds youngest national oil companies, which could become a kind of model for other leading and evolving national oil and the gas companies, especially those of the former U.S.S.R., where is an important part of the worlds untapped oil and gas reserves are discovered. KMG has some common similarity with other National Oil Companies (NOC) created in post-Soviet states such as Russia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. However, the government of Kazakhstan has defined a much more aggressive development mission for NC KMG than Azerbaijans Government of SOCAR has for it. Unlike Russia, where there are two NOCs Rosneft and Gazprom, with competing interests, Kazakhstan has chosen to strengthen its holdings into one company. Yet, NC KMG has similarity with both Gazprom and Rosneft. The degree of vertical integration of Kazakhs KMG is similar to that of Gazprom. Rosneft for the time being lacking the same transportation and refining capacity of KMG or Gazprom, the actions of another equally important similarity with the Kazakh business: both are trying to introduce western management styles in order to create internationally investing confidence. Unlike Rosneft, whose main asset of oil producing is Yuganskneftegaz, which was bought at auction after the seizure of Yukos, ( Peter Fin, â€Å"Russian Oil Firm Buys Mysterious Bid Winner,† Washington Post, December, 23 2004, A01) practically all of NC KMG assets were obtained in a fairly straight forward way. They were either acquired through purchase or by the transfer of a state held license to the company. NC KMG is more likely to become a copy for other post-Soviet NOC than any another company, largely because of its development strategy is both more straight forward looking and better formulated than their counterparts. The declared intention of both Government of Kazakhstan and of KMG is that the company would become a large part of the public Corporation held, with the government ensuring the protection of its interests through the voting of its shares by a larger holding company as a Samruk which means â€Å" Golden Phoenix† if translates from Kazakh to English, which created in 2006. At the moment the relationship between KMG and the government of the Republic is getting quite close, which particularly mean the relationship between the family of President of Kazakhstan , Nursultan Nazarbayev, and the countrys oil industry. Those in key positions throughout the oil industry and government, including the different ministries and executive level positions directly associated with the oil industry, understand the challenge that the reform of the the industry presents. They realize that KMG should be transformed into an independent and transparent company in the remaining years of President Nazarbayev ‘s mandate, which ends in 2013-a company that no longer serves as an indirect instrument foreign policy or as a source of internal corruption. This report will explain that what is KMGs planning strategy, business plans and etc and how they are going to respond to the challenges which occurs in the company. Kazakhstan still confronts the task of creating constant investor confidence. The governments treatment of the international oil companies (IOCs) will partly put pressure to this confidence level. Success will also depend on the evolution of the NC KMG itself, thats mean the company should introduce a total transparency in all its upstream and downstream partner activities and whether it helps foster an atmosphere of competition in the service sectors that are associated with their main operations. The company will have to decide whether to remain a production company, or simply be a stakeholder in every major countrys mining projects, and the main transit partner and a key player in the downstream market of Kazakhstan. Whatever decision the company makes, it is may still have to reduce at least some of its assets, and try to be more focused on the acquisition of assets. Without this it would be difficult to maximize the value of the assets for NC KMG. They should turn the company to be more reliable partner for investors within the country. This requires the realization the process of political reform in Kazakhstan to provide a better expression of rights of investors and better legal protection to respond to situations in which investors believe their rights have been violated. Achieving these objectives will strengthen NC KMGs position in the international oil industry and will help to set competitive advantage over other similar oil companies. ( Available at Baker institute: http://www.bakerinstitute.org/search?SearchableText=noc_kaz_Olcott.pdf ) The Importance Of Planning And Its Process. When planning is done well, it creates a solid platform for the management of other functions which is the organizing the allocating and organizing of resources to perform the tasks; leading-guiding the efforts of human resources to ensure a high level of performance tasks; and control surveillance on the achievements and taking necessary corrective action. The centrality of management planning is important to understand. In todays demanding organization and persuading career environment is essential to stay one step ahead of the competition. This means always striving to be better at what you are doing and be action oriented. The planning Process. In the planning process, objectives identify the specific results or desired outcomes that one intends to achieve. The plan is a statement of action steps to be taken in order to accomplish the objectives. Five steps in the planning process are: 1. Define your objectives: Identify desired outcomes or results in very specific ways. Know where you want to go; be specific enough that you will know you have arrived when you get there, or know how far off the mark you are at various points along the way. 2. Determine where you stand vis-a-vis objectives: Evaluate current accomplishments relative to the desired results. Know where you stand in reaching objectives; know what strengths work in your favour and what weaknesses may hold you back. 3. Develop premises regarding future conditions: Anticipate future events; Generates alternative â€Å"scenarios† for what may happen; identify for each scenario things that may help or hinder progress toward your objectives. 4. Analyze and choose among action alternatives: List and carefully evaluate possible actions. Choose the alternative(s) most likely to accomplish your objectives; describe step-by-step what must be done to follow the chosen course of action. 5. Implement the plan and evaluate results: Take action and carefully measure your progress towards objectives. Do what the plan requires, evaluate results, take corrective action, and revise plans as needed. KazMunaiGazs Origins, Assets And Reserves One thing is certain, the active use of fossil fuels in the country is key to any development strategy. President of the country has taken two use of oil and gas to boost the economy development in two ways, both through the development of a National Fund, which is investing states revenues from oil and gas and other key resources, into a fund that is loosely modeled on national oil fund in Norway. This fund, established in 2001, is currently estimated at 14.1 billion U.S. dollars, and designed to provide long term support for the budget of the Republic of Kazakhstan and compensate irregular income caused by fluctuations in the world oil and gas market The other half of the equation is the conception of a strong national oil and gas company. It is to have a dominant position in the hydrocarbon sector in the country. Because of this, finally , the Joint-Stock Company KazMunaiGaz National Company was founded under Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 811 from February 20, 2002. The opening of the industry of Kazakhstan after independence in 1991 brought many foreign investors who helped buy the industry. These investors signed Production Service Associations (PSA) with NC KMGs predecessor Kazakhoil, but the companies which produces things EMG (EmbaMunaigaz) and UMG (UzenMunaigaz), the main assets of KazMunaiGaz Exploration and Production (KMG E and P), weret transferred to Kazakhoil until 1997. On 16th March, 2004 the company was renamed Joint Stock Company KazMunai Gaz National Company. The company was founded with the goal of comprehensive development oil industry of the Republic to ensure a rational and efficient operation hydrocarbons, which in turn would contribute to social and economic development of Kazakhstan and its successful integration into the world of economy and oil industry. (KazMunaigaz (KMG), â€Å"Company History and Mission,† KazMunaiGaz website, http://www.kmg.kz/main.php?page=inc/postedmid=4showm=3type=men. ) One of the main plans of Government of creation of NC KMG was that creation would help to achieve a variety of strategic objectives including improved financial and economic aspects of the company, moreover , additional to its hydrocarbon reserves and increasing production. The intention was to do so through reducing of costs and increasing cash flow, by increasing the efficiency of capital investment, to increase reserves through the exploration of new blocks for exploration and expansion of existing ones, the maximize their shares in existing companies. They were also to enhance the economic revenues to the Country through large oil and gas projects in which they had a partners, and also through the development of transportation opportunities available to Kazakhstan, and by helping the development of petrochemical companies in Kazakhstan. They were also charged with increasing the number the proportion of domestically produced goods, works and services which is supporting the count rys largest oil and gas projects. Additionally to this they assisted to increase the number of Kazakhstani officials directly involved in these projects. JSC NC KazMunaiGaz is among three largest oil producers in Kazakhstan and has a minority in almost all major projects of oil and gas in the country which controls involvement in most projects initiated since 2000. The company employsover thirty-four thousand employees and reported revenue of $ 4.8 billion dollars in 2005 from its business activities. KMG has got control over twenty-five companies. ( KazMunaiGaz, â€Å"Structure of Assets,† KazMunaiGaz Website, http://www.kmg.kz/index.cfm?tid=22 ) Conclusion The future shape of KMG is obviously unclear, not only for oil analysts industry, but for those working in KMG and the government of Kazakhstan as well. The company still should decide whether to remain a holding company, and even if they do still want to keep the role of operating ones in some projects . They will still have to decide how quickly and how completely sell its stakes in Kazakhstans various oil and gas projects. For the foreseeable future I think it will be difficult to compete with potential foreign investors, because of companys poor technological base and luck of abilities in financial competitiveness of their operations. According to the financial liquidity of the company, there probably will be an argument about reducing their holdings in certain projects. This will provide funds for foreign investments and and downstream, which could provide KMG with long term access to energy assets for the time when domestic production in Kazakhstan begins to decline. The Kazakhstani people seem to believe that moving away from production and draft management will slow capacity building among the Kazakh population and slow the development of auxiliary industries related to fossil fuel development. But the creation National Fund of Kazakhstan is intended in part to support the development of sectors of the economy which is not depend on resource extraction.

The American Prohibition of Alcohol in the 1920s Essay -- American Hi

The American Prohibition of Alcohol in the 1920's The prohibition of alcohol in the United States lasted from 1920 until 1932. The movement began in the late nineteenth century, and was fueled by the formation of the Anti-Saloon League in 1893 (Why Prohibition?). This league and other anti-alcohol organizations, began to succeed in establishing local prohibition laws. By the 1920's prohibition was a national effort. The prohibition movement was aimed primarily at closing saloons. Saloons were the brewing companies place in retail business, selling alcohol by the glass. In the early twentieth century, there was one saloon for every one-hundred fifty or two-hundred Americans. This competitiveness forced saloon keepers to find other ways to make money. By the 1920's saloons had become houses of gambling and prostitution, not the innocent, friendly bar we associate the word with today (Why Prohibition?). The prohibition advocates found such establishments offensive, and sought to revoke their licenses. The National Prohibition Act was added to the United States Constitution on January 16th, 1920 (The Eighteenth Amendment). The Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution prohibits the illegal manufacturing or selling of alcohol. There were only two ways to legally obtain alcohol under the prohibition laws. Religious groups were granted the right to obtain alcohol for sacramental purposes, and doctors were permitted to write prescriptions (Medicinal Alcohol). People have believed in medicinal benefits of alcohol since ancient times, using it to cure snake bites and control disease. Even though the belief has begun to dwindle in the early twentieth century, alcohol was legally manufactured for medic... ...ter. â€Å"Prohibition.† http://www.detektivroman.de/forum/_disc3/0000004d.htm: May 2002. This site has good statistical information about Capone and other Chicago gangs during the 1920s. â€Å"Medicinal Alcohol.† http://prohibition.history.ohio‑state.edu/Medicinal_Alcohol.htm. This site gives a brief history (very brief) of the beliefs in medicinal alcohol. â€Å"The Eighteenth Amendment and the National Prohibition Act.† http://www.druglibrary.org/schaffer/Library/studies/wick/wick1.html This site gives a detailed analysis of the National Prohibition Act. â€Å"Speakeasy.† http://hotwired.lycos.com/cocktail/links/speakeasy.html: Lycos, 2002. This site gives a quick idea of what a speakeasy was. â€Å"Why Prohibition?† http://prohibition.history.ohio‑state.edu/whyprohibition.htm: November, 2002. This site gives a history of the prohibition movement.

Disadvantages of Credit Cards

Disadvantages of Credit Cards Mehmetcan Sevim 070090077 Faculty of Management Faruk Cetiner 070090005 Faculty of Management Ceylin Ulusel 020090306 Faculty of Architecture English 201 Esra Sancak December 28, 2011 Disadvantages of Credit Cards Thesis: It is argued that credit cards are beneficial for individuals however they bring many financial problems, trigger consuming and cause psychological conflicts in long-term period. I. Financial A. Penalty rate 1. Late payments 2. Exceeding credit limit B. Transaction fee 1.Interchange fee 2. Foreign transaction fee I. Consumption A. Trigger effects 1. Consumer culture 2. Compulsive buying B. Spending addiction 1. Overspending 2. Indebtedness III. Psychological A. Behavior 1. Compulsive buying behavior 2. Money attitudes B. Mental 1. Depression 2. Self Esteem Finance can be defined as an art which leads to maximize return against risk. Dramatically increase at industrialization required more specific management and revealed many department s of companies such as marketing, sales, human resources.Finance provides pecuniary resources to these departments and also are used for cash flow management. When finance became more important in business life, finance industry emerged. Finance industry provides services related with the management of money. Banking service is the most ongoingness sector in the finance industry. It provides personal, commercial and mortgage loans which is related with credit system. Credit card which works to loan money monthly to consumers, is the most important component of credit system. People can buy goods, services without cash thanks to credit cards.It can be seen that credit card usage is so popular in banking system and most of the credit card holders have more than one credit card. It is argued that credit cards are beneficial for individuals however they bring many financial problems, trigger consuming and cause psychological conflicts in long-term period. First of all, credit cards brin g difficulties for consumers related with financial problems. Credit cards can be so dangerous financial tool when it is used by unconscious costumers. Financial difficulties related with credit cards are also derived from lack of knowledge about credit card usage.The first significant financial problem for credit card users is penalty rate. Late payment is one of the reasons which gives rise to penalty rate. As Buttel explains, there is no difference between time periods when people paid their credit card payments late. Grace period changes between 20 and 31 days and even if card holders make their payments one day late, they are exposed penalty rates. Moreover, although payment is made before the new grace period, credit card holders could be charged penalty rates if they don’t pay their current bill(2003,para. 8-11).This is why it is important that credit card holders should be careful about making their card payments on time. Furthermore, exceeding credit limit is another reason of penalty rate. Buttel states, according to the Consumer Action, credit card holders are exposed to pay high payments and over limit fees with be dragging customer limit down under the current balance by some credit card issuers (2003, para. 14). Clearly, some credit card issuers fox about credit card limits. Apart from penalty rate, credit cards also result transaction fee. To begin with, credit card holders suffer from interchange fee.When customers choose to pay with credit card instead of cash, they usually exposed to pay higher prices related with interchange fee. Mitchell states, â€Å"Interchange fees not only enhance the profits of large banks at the expense of retailers, but ultimately these fees are paid by consumers in the form of higher prices† (2009, para. 11). Obviously, credit card usage makes retailers raise their prices. In addition, foreign transaction fee is a variable charge that card holders usually can not chase. In foreign countries, it is poss ible that credit card holders have to make more payments.As Gerson explains, foreign transaction fees are hided by some issuers and they are so hard to be followed even if the card holders ask them from the customer service or the corporate office. Also, if cardholders use a card like Bank of America-issued Visa abroad, they have to pay Visa fee in addition to Bank of America’s own fee. This clearly shows the risk of using credit cards in foreign countries (2008, para. 3-5). Consequently, credit card usage brings along many problems related to transaction fee. Second of all, credit cards also have many trigger effects on consumption.The first major problem is the impacts of changing consumer culture and how it reforms the psychology of the credit card users. As Sheth indicates that triggers of consumption attitudes are mostly provided by the independence that is connected to process of production and the increasing force of authorization, which are also parts of the consumer culture (2003,para. 3). This is a fundamental and a detailed explanation of the connection between trigger effects of consumption and cultural consequences. Furthermore, compulsive buying is another triggering impact of credit cards.According to Roberts, Jones, in the realm of consumer behavior, credit cards can certainly be construed as promoting spending by making the transaction simpler or by removing the immediate need for money (2001, p. 220). It is obvious that credit cards stimulates spending in consumer behavior by many ways. In this case, these two facts are truly supporting the idea that credit cards are triggering consumption attitudes. Spending addiction is another outcome of credit card based consumption. One of the results of this addiction comes to the scene as the overspending attitude.According to Roberts, Jones, increasing number of indebted people creates a psychology that consents overspending and excessive shopping as a normal behavior which is expected to be ch anged in time (2001, p. 214). This fact explains the general judgement of overspending behavior among indebted customers. Moreover, indebtedness is another significant impact of spending addiction. Griffin states that, instead of accepting indebtedness as a moral failure, mischance is a commonly approved excuse that obstructs making other approaches about the situation (2003, p. 4).This fact clarifies that misconceptions about indebtedness in consumer psychology can orient credit card users negatively and can give rise to unconscious consumption. Eventually, overspending and indebtedness can be counted as the major consequences of spending addiction which –as it explained before- is triggered by many factors. The last and most dangerous effects of credit card usage are considered as psychological effects. First of all, credit cards cause some differences on consumer’s behavior. Credit cards provide a financial confidence even if the user’s financial situation is not reliable.Consumers buy goods and services by money which they had not earn, that situation causes uncontrolled consuming desire. As Parecki states, ‘’Many researchers define compulsive buying behavior as a form of chronic addiction –that is an ‘endless cycle of trying to satisfy that which cannot be satisfied’. Instead of creating healthy interpersonal relationships with other people, compulsive buyers replace their love and trust in the acquisition of objects’’ (1999, p. 4). This definition clearly leads us to negative effects of compulsive buying behavior.In addition, credit card usage also causes price sensitivity of consumer which becomes unbalanced. As Fogel and Schneider cited in Roberts and Junes, irresponsible credit card usage is related with the money attitudes of power and prestige but not price sensitivity (2010, para. 10). Credit cards cause irresponsible behavior because of the money attitudes of power and prestige. A s a result, credit card usage changes consumer habits in a negative way. The second psychological effect of credit cards is causing mental disorders. Credit card usage and card debts mostly lead to depression.Card debts getting higher and higher by default interest, and consumer becomes hopeless about clearing that debt. As Stevenson cited in Andrews and Willing explains, when the negative experiences are researched according to their effects on anxiety and depression level, the financial strain has been shown as %21 among participants (2008, p. 5). Financial issues mostly trigger depression and anxiety. Because of the default interest, situation gets worse and worse. Beyond that, card debts and uncontrolled credit card usage leads consumer to lowering self-esteem.As Parecki cited in Cole explains, compulsive buyers see themselves worthless and try to find ways to self-destruct. The consequences may include unemployment, bankruptcy, social isolation and divorce (1999,p. 9-10). Lower ing self-esteem may trigger self-destruct. All of the above show us how uncontrolled credit card usage damages mental health. References Buttel, A. E. (2003, September 25). Credit card penalty rates:Mistakes that trigger default APRs, from http://www. creditcards. com/credit-card-news/credit-card-penalty-rates 1267. php Gerson, E. S. 2008, November 21). Top credit card issuers’ foreign transaction fees, from http://www. creditcards. com/credit-card-news/foreign-transaction- conversion-fees-1276. php Mitchell, S. (2009, May 5). Soaring Credit Card Transaction Fees Squeeze Independent Business, from http://www. newrules. org/retail/news/soaring-credit-card-transaction- fees-squeeze-independent-businesses Sheth, J. , & Maholtra N. (2003). Global Consumer Culture. Retrieved October 18, 2011 from http://www. uwyo. edu/sustaindevsupport/docs/Global%20Consumer%20Culture. df Roberts, J. , & Jones E. (Winter 2001). Money Attitudes, Credit Card Use, and Compulsive Buying among American College Students. The Journal of Consumer Affair, 35(2), 213-231. Griffin, B. (2003). Reviewed from â€Å"The Character of Credit. Personal Debt in English Culture†. Finn, M. Retrieved October 18, 2011 from https://www. history. ac. uk/reviews/review/435 Vohwinkle, J. (n. d. ). Examine the Roots of  Overspending. Retrieved October 11, 2011 from http://financialplan. about. com/od/savingmoney/qt/Overspending. htm

Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal Reflective Essay Addressing Swifts Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublins Starving Children

Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal Reflective Essay Addressing Swifts Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublins Starving Children Abstract Swift’s A Modest Proposal is a genius work in the art of literary satire. I picked certain issues and commented on them regarding how Swift made Irish beggars and their children a necessary evil that was deteriorating Ireland from the inside. Largely, this behemoth of a problem was causing an economic slump of mass proportion.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Essay Addressing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublin’s Starving Children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I point out his brilliant use of population figures, social issues (domestic violence, poverty, hunger, etc.), and religious groups (other than his own). He addresses these issues by offering a ludicrous solution- cannibalism of the young infants when they reach their first birthday. Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Essay Addres sing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Economic Problem of Dublin’s Starving Children Swift presents a brilliant tongue-in-cheek argument concerning a way to solve the plight of starving Irish children. He introduces his ludicrous proposal at the beginning of his essay, and then supports his subject by reinforcing his foundation with strong, supporting arguments. Each building block of his argument elicits sound thought for handling Ireland’s glaring social issues; namely, begging and starving children. Swift proposes to eat one-year-olds because of their economic burden. While purporting his idea, he uses economic strategies, population figures, cooking methods and avoiding commodity outsourcing to support his irony. Swift looks at a beggar’s child as the projected worth of a future commodity. He justifies his moral depravity and degrading of human life in lieu of population control, annihilation of abortion, domestic violence and food shortage. He refers to wives as â€Å"breeders† of these future delectable human dishes, and believes a one-year-old could give back to the commonwealth by offering its â€Å"carcass† as food for a starving country. He reasons that a beggar’s child should be able to live for the first year so that it could be fattened up on mother’s milk, which the â€Å"dam† naturally produces and therefore would cost the commonwealth nothing.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Swift surmises that his idea is humane because the future holds nothing for these children who mature and adopt livelihoods like â€Å"stealing,† going off to fight for the â€Å"Pretender in Spain,† or â€Å"selling themselves to the Barbados.† Instead of suggesting the obvious- limiting the number of children each female â€Å"breeder† should have- he encoura ges the â€Å"breeders† to get pregnant, enjoy motherhood and nursing of their suckling infants for one year, and then sell them to the marketplace as a prime cut of young, tender meat. This is a chilling mental image of the plight of a poor Irish infant. He continues to build upon this horrific image of an Irish infant dressed and prepared as the main serving for a lavish feast. He enjoys toying with the image of â€Å"a young healthy child well nursed† that could be â€Å"a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled,† and suggests serving it as â€Å"a fricassee or a ragout.† This is a disturbing image of a baby as the main dinner dish. He continues to take this macabre image further when he suggests â€Å"a child will make two dishes at an entertainment† function for friends, and if it is only to be one family dish, would â€Å"be very good boiled on the fourth day, especially in winter.† Thi s gruesome image has come full circle by suggesting the infant â€Å"carcass† could be extended to four days of leftovers. Ireland’s population has always been Catholic, and Swift sees Catholics as a major part of the starving human burden that is hurting Ireland. He ridicules the Catholic religious holyday, Lent. He reasons that since Catholics eat more fish during Lent, nine months later, a lot of infant Catholics are born. He does not criticize this, but reasons that because Catholics propagate more after Lent, the meat market will benefit from plump infants ready for the grocer. Swift connects Ireland’s economic problems directly to the Catholics and their lack of birth control- even in the face of being extremely poverty stricken.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Jonathan Swift’s A Modest Proposal: Reflective Essay Addressing Swift’s Satire Approach Concerning the Social Problem of Dublin’s Starving Children spe cifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He revels in putting a price on a beggar child as the child matures. He uses the figure of 120,000 children as full reservoir, then reserves 20,000 as breeders, but not more than 5,000 of that number as males. He reasons that 5,000 males is a usual number for sheep, cattle and swine. Swift’s irony gives the reader a picture of a single cock that breeds with the entire hen house and the reader cannot help but be amused. One male should suffice four â€Å"breeders,† he surmises, but then catches himself in this digression, and reverts to his ridiculous projected numbers. Of the 100,000 infants that remain, Swift writes, these should be fattened up for the meat market. He almost forces the reader to think that it is a well thought-out plan that would benefit all- irony at its very best. Swift is not a feminist. He never refers to the father’s responsibility to his beggar children. Instead, he p uts the sole responsibility of caring for beggar children on the mother. This is a result of the makeup of Dublin’s street beggars- mothers and many small, unkempt children. It is false to believe that he is not a moralist. Obviously, poverty-stricken mothers and their children disturbed him, but is that because of their drain on an already weak Irish economy or because these deplorable human beings actually tugged at his heart strings and bothered him enough that he felt the urge to write about it? He calls his writing a â€Å"modest† proposal- another play on words. In no way is this modest suggestion, but rather an alarming, vivid picture of cannibalism meant to elicit action regarding this social problem. Reference Swift, J. (2011). A modest proposal in R. J. Diyanni (Ed.), Fifty great essays. (pp. 296-303). London: Longman.

Free Essays on Multiculturalilsm in the United States

The purpose of this paper is to enhance the reader’s knowledge of the true meaning of multiculturalism, and to provide a reason for multicultural education. Some think that multiculturalism is divisive rather than unifying. It emphasizes on our uniqueness and differences, rather than our similarities and commonalties, continuing keep the rift wide. Some worry that if schools are to pass on our collective â€Å"American culture,† who decides what that culture is (Miningco. 1)? Multiculturalism has some serious logical flaws and I am skeptical of ‘tolerance used as a policy’ when limits are set upon it. There is no freedom when others are oppressed (Miningco. 1)! Multiculturalism is, to some, racism in a politically- correct guise. It would turn this country into a collection of separatist groups competing with each other for power. Multiculturalism is a threat to education: instead of encouraging students to question their assumptions and the assumptions of their parents and society, multiculturalism demands that students accept blindly what they’re given. Many people have a very superficial view of racism (Gorski & Covert The Multicultural Pavilion 1). Racism is the notion that one’s race determines one’s identity. The spread of racism requires the destruction of an individual’s confidence in his own mind. The diversity movement claims that its goal is to extinguish racism and build tolerance of differences: this is a complete sham. Multicultural education is a transformative movement in education, which produces critically thinking, socially active members of society. It respects diversity while teaching all children to become effective and participating members of a democracy. It respects individuality while promoting respect for others. It emphasizes the contributions of the various groups (ethnic, gender, religious, sexual orientation, etc.) that make up the population of the world (Gorski & Covert ... Free Essays on Multiculturalilsm in the United States Free Essays on Multiculturalilsm in the United States The purpose of this paper is to enhance the reader’s knowledge of the true meaning of multiculturalism, and to provide a reason for multicultural education. Some think that multiculturalism is divisive rather than unifying. It emphasizes on our uniqueness and differences, rather than our similarities and commonalties, continuing keep the rift wide. Some worry that if schools are to pass on our collective â€Å"American culture,† who decides what that culture is (Miningco. 1)? Multiculturalism has some serious logical flaws and I am skeptical of ‘tolerance used as a policy’ when limits are set upon it. There is no freedom when others are oppressed (Miningco. 1)! Multiculturalism is, to some, racism in a politically- correct guise. It would turn this country into a collection of separatist groups competing with each other for power. Multiculturalism is a threat to education: instead of encouraging students to question their assumptions and the assumptions of their parents and society, multiculturalism demands that students accept blindly what they’re given. Many people have a very superficial view of racism (Gorski & Covert The Multicultural Pavilion 1). Racism is the notion that one’s race determines one’s identity. The spread of racism requires the destruction of an individual’s confidence in his own mind. The diversity movement claims that its goal is to extinguish racism and build tolerance of differences: this is a complete sham. Multicultural education is a transformative movement in education, which produces critically thinking, socially active members of society. It respects diversity while teaching all children to become effective and participating members of a democracy. It respects individuality while promoting respect for others. It emphasizes the contributions of the various groups (ethnic, gender, religious, sexual orientation, etc.) that make up the population of the world (Gorski & Covert ...

Employment Law Problem Question Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Employment Law Problem Question - Coursework Example ining employment in the food related industry, for a period of 6 months from the termination of employment and within 10 miles of the location of PPP. In accordance with the above discussion, it is obligatory for PPP to establish the reasonableness of this covenant. Moreover, the geographical restriction depends on the nature of the business and the competition. In some cases, the courts consider a restriction of 7 miles from the ex-employer’s premises as reasonable, whereas a one mile radius clause would be unreasonable in central London. In Allan Janes LLP v Johal,5 a solicitor’s post-termination covenant of 6 miles location, was deemed to be void, by the court, as it was very extensive. Nevertheless, a restrictive covenant for a 12 month period, with respect to an anti – client poaching was deemed to be valid.6 Similarly, a restriction of 10 miles from the location of PPP may be void – since it appears unreasonable. It is argued that the clause restrict s the employment opportunities of Arinder, to a major extant. In Hivac Ltd v Park Royal Scientific Instruments Ltd, the court dealt with the use of an item of information by an employee, subsequent to the termination of employment. The court ruled that a covenant in the service contract could not restrict disclosure of such information.7 An employer that believes an employee has breached a restriction relating to the period after termination of employment, may apply for an injunction from the court. Such application will seek an interlocutory injunction and delivery up or destruction of confidential information.8 In this problem, Arinder was instructed by DD to make a product that was similar to that he had prepared for PPP, when he was in their employment. Such act may cause damage to the legitimate business...This duty imposes three conditions upon the employer. First, if a practice at the workplace places a disabled person at a distinct disadvantage in comparison to individuals w ho are not disabled, then the employer has to take reasonable steps to avoid that disadvantage. Second, if a physical feature places a disabled person at a considerable disadvantage, with regard to a pertinent issue, in comparison to those who are not disabled, then the employer has to adopt whatever is reasonable to circumvent such disadvantage. Third, if a disabled person would be seriously disadvantaged in a relevant matter, in comparison to persons who are not disabled, in the absence of auxiliary aid.

It depends what you choose for report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

It depends what you choose for report - Essay Example It is a market where debt securities are issued and traded, the instruments of bond market include govt issued securities (like saving bonds, treasury bills and notes), and corporate debt securities, (like CDs, municipal bonds, preferred stocks, and zero-coupon securities). It is one of mean that move the savings from saver to the issuers or companies who require capital for their ongoing projects or new expansions, this market is presumed to be a market of fixed return, although it appear complex but it is also driven by same risk and return tradeoff as like in stock market, basically bonds market can be divided into three main groupings i.e. issuer, underwriters, and purchaser. (Levitt) The final player in this market include any group or any other type of investor including the individual , further govt often purchase debt from other countries if they have the excess money of that other country’s money as a result of trade between them e.g. japan is a major holder of U S govt debts. Further it is worthwhile to mention that income from bonds is fixed but there are different risk factors that are attached to a bond market, which may include inflation risk, interest rate risk, duration risk, call risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, market risk. (INSTRUMENTS) This form of lending and borrowing is common in corporate sector where if a company need finance for its operation or expansion projects it lend one of its asset to a financial institutes in order to finance these projects then in return they get loan, and after completion of concerned objective they get relieved there asset after paying back there loan amount. Normally people obtain such type of loan from state owned institutions, where each mortgage has its criteria depending upon the market situation, normally company acquire loans through mortgages where they pledge there asset with a bank or a financial institute in order to obtain loan for their expenses and in that case company have to